762
1101378026012657107161
INTERVENČNÍ341804301071978123168215263308366420478499
A8628043010752
AKUTNÍ936804301075299157202263284
KARDIOLOGIE12418043010745103150211232295337397456477520
/18078043010732
Interv188480430107196794136163207
Akut2110804301075391139168
Kardiol.2297804301074588114162181229249264
2023;22(3):109-1132581804301074487128172186230274296338359374411450495524563598635
/32618043010732
www.iakardiologie.cz48438043010765133201214233274312354380428447495515563613632675690730769
PŮVODNÍ341207012660132201274348422456
PRÁCE818207012661124196256314
/1153207012632
ORIGINAL1206207012673138172244278352422477
PAPER1704207012661126189246311
Brachial34136501063470111145186203243274
artery63136501063873104137172209
injury8563650106155681122157194
in106536501061657
Al-Emamain11373650106386991122177218272312330371
Al-Kadhymain15243650106376890125167207248285339379396437
Medical197736501065284124141176217248
City,22413650106335082121133
Baghdad,238936501063373111152192230270283
Iraq:26873650106165193132148
a2850365010638
single-center29043650106304788128159191220256288329361393429
clinical33493650106326482123140175216247
experience361236501063068103134170188220261296328
Introduction340590014732101143186254325394448493524592661
The48076101094596142
brachial64476101095282126166216237281302
artery96976101094473106151181226
(BA)121876101092574128153
is139476101092157
the147476101092979125
axillary162276101094386108129151194224269
artery19147610109437334090101093074103148
extension50490101094487119163213248268317367
that88790101092979121151
supplies105390101093584135186208228273308
the137790101092979124
major1516901010975118139188218
arterial174990101094372105149178199242263
circulation34010410109416394135186209254284306358410
to777104101093081
the884104101093182130
arm.1040104101094575153173
It1240104101092253
starts1320104101093668114145179217
at1564104101094475
the1665104101093182129
teres1821104101093177108155192
major3401181010975119140190220
inferior58511810109217197143173194244274
border8831181010952102132183229259
and1166118101094393145
finishes1335118101092650100122157207253289
in1648118101092171
the1744118101092979125
cubital1893118101094190340132101095173103147169
fossa529132101092676112147192
opposite7411321010949101153203239260290335
the1096132101093080125
radial1241132101093074125146190211
neck,1472132101095096137180201
in1693132101092171
which17841321010966117138179229
it340146101092151
divides417146101095072115137189234270
into713146101092171100149
the888146101092979125
ulnar1038146101095071121165195
and1258146101094393145
radial1428146101093074125146190211
branches1665146101095181125175216266312347
beneath340160101095196146192235264313
the669160101093079124
bicipital809160101095172112133184205235278299
aponeurosis.1124160101094394144194239289318367402423458477
The1617160101094495140
BA17731601010948102
lies189116010109214186122
anterior340174101094394123168198219269299
to657174101093079
the754174101093080125
triceps89717410109306081122166218254
and1169174101094393145
brachialis1332174101095181125166215237280302323358
muscles17081741010975125161202223268304
and340188101094494146
is512188101092157
generally595188101095197148195225270291313356
superficial977188101093686138185215245269311332376398
and1401188101094394146
perceptible1573188101095198129169214267297319371393439
along340202101094365115165216
its57520210109215288
course682202101094190140169206252
(1).95320210109256887104
Extremity480216101094691126157204282305337384
vascular891216101094490128170222245290321
trauma1239216101093162108160238283
poses15502161010952105142190228
several180521610109378412917634023010109297395
diagnostic455230101095172116167217267302333354395
and870230101094494145
therapeutic1036230101093080125155199251297347377398439
challenges.1496230101094090133155176222272323369405424
In1941230101092171
modern3402441010977126178223252303
combat,665244101094290166217261289308
the996244101093080125
increased1144244101092171111140185228263308360
employment15272441010946122173194243285361407457485
of340258101095177
high-energy444258101095172123173203251302348377428472
weaponry9422581010968114158209261312341387
is1355258101092257
linked143925810109224293135180232
to1698258101093080
significant180425810109375710815918034027210109275090134184213
vascular576272101094589124164214235278307
damage.906272101095295171215265311328
During12572721010962112141162212263
the1543272101093080126
last1692272101092265100131
Iraqi184627210109225195146166
war3402861010967109137
(early499286101092667109137157199
in720286101092169
this81228610109297897131
century),966286101094083132160208236280303319
the1307286101093078122
rates1452286101092972100143177
of1651286101095075
trauma1748286101093058101149222265
victims340300101094464104134154228262
reached625300101092973116155204249299
50-70%947300101094691121161204276
(2).124530010109267092108
Injuries137530010109227191139167188232267
to1664300101093078
the1764300101093079123
BA19103001010949102
are340314101094371115
the469314101093078122
most6053141010975123157186
common805314101094087161235283332
in1151314101092169
the1234314101093078122
upper1370314101095099149194222
limbs.1606314101092141114164198215
Even1836314101094485128176
though340328101092977124171219267
vascular618328101094385118156203222263290
injuries92032810109206887134161180223256
due1188328101095097140
to1340328101092975
blunt1427328101095170117165192
trauma163032810109305798145217258
are1900328101094370112
uncommon,340342101094996134180252324372419436
they787342101093077120159
represent958342101092971120147190223266313340
attentive131034210109437099141189216234275317
conditions1639342101093985133181200227246293341373
as340356101094376
they428356101093077120160
are600356101094370113
readily725356101092972113162181200240
neglected977356101095093142161204243273315364
unless1353356101094997116159193226
the1591356101093077120
clinician172335610109405978125144182201242290
has340370101095092126
a4823701010943
strong54137010109366593141189238
suspicion796370101093583117166186225244292341
(3).115337010109266890105
Hard12743701010959101129178
indicators1468370101092169119138177220248295323358
such1842370101093683122171
as340384101094478
pulsatile4413841010951101121155198227247267311
bleeding,775384101095172117162213233282332349
palpable1147384101095195115165208258279324
thrill,1493384101093079108128148168185
growing1700384101095180128193214263312
hematoma,340398101095094168210237285358400418
and/or776398101094392141171215244
evidence1038398101094586106156200248287330
of1386398101094974
distal1478398101095170104133176195
ischemia169139810109215594142186260280321
can340412101094083131
be490412101095196
detected605412101095094123166206236279329
in953412101092169
more10414121010975124152195
than1255412101093078120168
90%1442412101094692163
of1624412101094974
vascular1717412101094385119158206226268295
injuries34042610109216989137165184228262
by615426101095192
obtaining720426101094999127170189238257305354
a10874261010944
medical11444261010975119169188227270289
history1446426101095070103132180208252
and1711426101094391141
performing1865426101095196124340440101092674102176196244293
a6454401010944
physical7014401010951100140174193232274294
examination.1007440101094586128202221269311339358406455472
In1492440101092170
both15744401010951100128176
civilian1763440101094059101121141160201250
and340454101094392141
military500454101097595114134162204232276
fields,79545410109264992113162196213
the1028454101092977121
use1169454101094983127
of1315454101094974
ultrasonography140845410109507098126168202250299347396424467516565605
for340468101092775104
the467468101093079123
identification613468101092171116165193213239261301344372392441490
of1126468101095075
vascular1223468101094487121161210230272301
injuries154646810109217090139167187232267
is1835468101092156
on1913468101095099
the340482101093078122
rise47748210109305083127
(4).62048210109256790105
Vascular480496101095192127168217237280309
injuries81249610109217191141169190235270
should1105496101093786136186206257
be1385496101095298
detected1506496101095197126171211243287339
and1867496101094594145
treated340510101093057100142170212262
as614510101094477
part704510101095193120151
of867510101095074
the953510101093078122
total1087510101093077105147166
patient1266510101095193120139183231259
resuscitation,1537510101093073107154187226245273316343362410459476
using340524101095084104152202
the564524101093079123
recognized709524101093074114161211260280317361412
standards1143524101093665108157207249277327361
of1526524101095075
“advanced1623524101093272122165207256296339389
trauma340538101093059102151225268
life63153810109214167111
support”765538101093685135186236265297331
procedures.1119538101095280129170213264313342386421439
Joint1581538101093483103152181
effort,1784538101094672101150179210228
awareness3405521010945111155184230280326362398
of762552101095177
the863552101093181127
occasional1014552101095193132177212233283334377398
indirect1436552101092272124145174219261293
clinical175355210109416283133154194239259
signs340566101093655104152186
of541566101094974
arterial630566101094371102145173193235254
injuries,89956610109217089137165185228262280
a11945661010943
high1252566101095070119167
suspicion1434566101093683117166186225244292341
index,1790566101092170119163204223
operative340580101094999144172214242261303346
communiqué,699580101094188161235283331350400448492508
proper1220580101095179127177222250
use1483580101094983127
of1623580101095075
imaging1711580101092194136185204252301
techniques,340594101092971110157204222271317360393410
thorough761594101093077124151197245292340
familiarity1112594101092667139158177195236263282309351
with1475594101096584112159
applicable1645594101094391140159178216257305325368
diagnostic340608101095170112161209258292321340379
tools,741608101093077126146180197
and960608101094392141
surgical1123608101093684111160180219261281
repair1426608101092973123165184212
sequence1660608101093680130178222271310352
are340622101094371115
just467622101092270104133
a6126221010944
few668622101092770135
of815622101095075
the902622101093078122
crucial1037622101094068116155175216236
issues128662210109215488136180214
that1512622101093078120148
will1672622101096786106125
result1810622101092973107154174202
in340636101092169
successful425636101093583122160203237270296345365
outcomes805636101095098126164211285329363
(5).118463610109256890106
The480650101094697142
aim645650101094565141
of809650101095177
this909650101093080100135
study1067650101093767117168211
was13016501010968112147
to1471650101093079
identify1573650101092273119169198218244290
the1886650101093180126
most3406641010975123157186
common545664101094087161234283331
causes,895664101094083130164208242260
associated1174664101094377111159198218259287330380
injuries,157366410109216989137164184228262280
and1871664101094492141
management3406781010974115162203251294366410457484
approaches836678101094391140168214256294341384417
in1265678101092168
the1345678101092976119
case1476678101094081114157
of1645678101094973
brachial1730678101095078119157204223264283
artery340692101094371102145173217
injuries.57269210109227089137165185229263280
Patients3407170014767125165193253320359408
and7717170014761127195
Methods9897170014799160201267333402450
Study340745501435688149213264
setting6287455014345101135174196257321
and9737455014354116179
design11767455014365121164185248310
This480762101094594113147
was6447621010967109142
a8047621010943
retrospective864762101093073102130177211261305345375394436479
survey1360762101093684111156199239
conducted1616762101094188136186234273303346396
in340776101092273
Al-Emamain445776101095779108155232276353397419470
Al-Kadhymain947776101095779108160205258309351429473494545
Medical15257761010974121174195237282303
City1861776101095475105151
Surgical2140426101094492120169188227269289
Department,24514261010960104154197225256329373422450467
Baghdad,2940426101094991140189238280330347
Iraq.330942610109214992141159
The3489426101094594138
data3649426101095193121163
were21404401010967110139183
collected2345440101094188109128173213243287337
retrospectively2705440101092973102130179213263308348379398441484505546
during32734401010952100128148197246
the3542440101093078123
period3687440101095297214045410109294997147
from2309454101092655103177
the2507454101093078122
1st2651454101094675104
of2777454101094974
January2872454101093475124172213241285
20153179454101094689130169
to3370454101093077
the3469454101092978121
1st3612454101094675104
of3738454101094974
April21404681010955105133153172
2021.2328468101094690132172185
Study2140493501435688149213264
population24284935014366129193255278329363385446509
The2280510101094492134
study2425510101093563110158198
included2634510101092167105124170218260309
a29545101010943
review3008510101092971111130172235
of3254510101094872
the3337510101093076119
records3467510101092971109155182229262
of3740510101094972
1042140524101094686132
patients2284524101095193120139183231258293
who25895241010966115162
were27635241010966109137180
admitted2955524101094392165184212242285335
to3302524101092976
the3390524101093078121
hospital3523524101095098131180200228270289
and2140538101094392141
diagnosed2300538101095170112161209258291335385
with2704538101096787115163
brachial2886538101095180122161209228270290
artery3195538101094371102145173217
injury,343153810109216988136164208221
and3671538101094392141
in2140552101092169
whom22225521010967115164237
physical24725521010952101140174193232275294
examination2779552101094687129202222270312339359407455
and3248552101094391141
Doppler34025521010960108158208229273301
ultrasound3716552101094969214056610109295698131178225272321
revealed2472566101092972112154195213256305
the2789566101092976119
absence2920566101094391124167215253294
of3226566101094973
arterial3310566101094370100142169188229248
pulses.3569566101095198117150193226243
Twenty-one21405801010945104147196223267293344392436
patients2590580101095193121141184233261296
were28995801010966110138181
submitted3094580101093583132206226254285327378
to3485580101093077
angiography35755801010944921411612092140594101095078120170219258
to2414594101093077
confirm2506594101094188136161183211285
BA28065941010949102
injury292359410109216989137165208
preoperatively.3147594101095179123172222266294336364384426468489530543
The2280608101094595139
patients2441608101095194122142186235263298
(N2761608101092683
=28666081010954
104)2942608101094687134156
were31206081010967110138182
evaluated3324608101094687130150198240268311362
according37086081010943822140622101094189117167187237286
to2449622101093078
their2550622101093079124144172
basal2745622101095295129173193
characteristics,2960622101094190133161204244275318347367402432451491527545
surgical3527622101093685113163183222266286
interventions,214063610109216997140168212255303331350398447480498
signs,2650636101093655104152186203
symptoms,2866636101093577151201229276350383401
and3279636101094492141
associated3433636101094377111159198217259287329379
injuries,214065010109227192141170190235271289
the2452650101093080125
associated2600650101094580115164205225268297341393
injury301665010109217191141170215
(some3254650101092659109185230
patients3507650101095296125145190240269305
presented2140664101095179123157201250277320370
with2526664101096686114162
more27046641010975123151195
than2914664101093078120168
one3098664101094998142
injury).325566410109227089137165209231247
Ethical2140689501435688150172223276298
issues2463689501432566107167223266
The2280706101094493136
study2428706101093564111160201
protocol2641706101095178125153199238285304
was29577061010966107141
approved3110706101094391141168215256298347
by3469706101095191
authorities357270610109439011716521221407201010929497897141175
of2337720101094974
health2433720101095094136156184233
directorate268772010109517198142182212259288330358401
(ID3110720101092545103
T-009013,3235720101094567116162207253294333349
2021);3606720101094690132173191206
ethics2140734101094574122141180215
committee2376734101094087161234254282313356400
of2797734101094974
the2892734101092977121
hospital3034734101095098132181201230272292
(ID3346734101092645104
BB-0023),3470734101094997125173219261306327343
with2140748101096685113161
the2313748101093077121
director244674810109506996139178208255283
of2741748101094973
the2826748101093078121
hospital2959748101095097131180199227269288
being3259748101095195114162211
the3482748101092977120
chairperson36147481010940881291481752140762101095196124159207256
of2410762101094974
the2498762101093078122
ethics2633762101094674122142181216
committee;2863762101094087161234254282312355400416
and3293762101094392141
College3448762101095299119139183232276
of3738762101094974
Medicine,21407761010972115165184222240288331347
Al-Nahrain2499776101095574101159201248276317336383
University28947761010958105124166208235270288316359
(ADI:3265776101092577134154171
120I-D-212020).34487761010946831261471742342623023423940426101094690132176199214
As4169426101095691
this427542610109307897131
study4422426101093564112162203
had4640426101095092142
a47974261010943
retrospective4856426101092973101129177211260305344375394436479
design,5350426101095195129148197245262
no3940440101094997
patient4049440101095092119138181229256
consent4317440101094086134167210258285
was46144401010966107140
obtained;4766440101094998126168187234277327342
however,5120440101095097160203243285313326
every54574401010945861283940454101092973
precaution4031454101095179123162205252281300348397
was44464541010966108142
taken4605454101093072113156204
to4827454101093077
protect4921454101095280128156199238269
the5207454101093078122
privacy534745410109517999141183222265
of3940468101094974
patients.4027468101095194121141184233261296314
The4353468101094594138
entire4504468101094594121141168212
study4729468101093564112162203
was49454681010966108142
conducted5100468101094087136185233272302345395
according55084681010944823940482101094086114162181229277
to4229482101093076
the4317482101093077120
principles444948210109517998146184203252271315348
set4809482101093579107
forth4928482101092673101131179
in5119482101092068
the5199482101092977120
Helsinki53314821010958102122155173221261281
Declaration.39404961010960104144163205233275303322370419437
Statistical3940521501435688141174196237274296347400422
analyses43865215014355116168191241284340383
The4080538101094594138
statistical4233538101093564107135154188217236275317337
analysis4585538101094392133153194228248281
included4881538101092169108128176225269319
descriptive5215538101095195129168196215265293313355397
data3940552101095192120162
using4115552101094983102150199
numbers4327552101095097171220264293327
and4667552101094391141
percentages.4820552101095196124162205253281323372416450467
The5300552101094494137
data5450552101095192120162
were39405661010967111139183
collected,4145566101094189109129174214245288339356
processed,4524566101095180128169212246281325376394
and4940566101094493143
transferred5105566101093059101150184211255284312356407
to5534566101093178
MS39405801010973116
Word40785801010977123152201
Excel4302580101094487125168189
sheet,4513580101093685129174203221
using4756580101095084104152202
Windows4980580101097797146196245310344
10.5346580101094788105
The5473580101094595139
frequencies3940594101092757103155205251302343364409445
and4411594101094495147
percentages45835941010953100129170214265295339390436472
were50815941010968113143188
used5295594101095186133185
for5505594101092878108
nominal3940608101095098172191240281301
parameters.4258608101095194121164237281310353381416434
The4709608101094494138
data4863608101095193121163
were50436081010967110138181
processed5241608101095180127167210244278321372
and3940622101094391140
analyzed4092622101094391133152193232275325
by4429622101095191
using4532622101094983102149198
computer4742622101094087160209257285328356
software5110622101093583108139205247274317
SPSS5439622101094490132173
(Statistical394063610109256591133160178211239258296337356
package4308636101095092130169211259302
for4621636101092673101
social4733636101093583121140180199
science)494463610109357392135182220262283
version5239636101094284111145164211259
24.5509636101094687103
Data39406615014378129163215
availability41796615014355105158180202254317340363384419474
The4080678101094698144
data4251678101095397126171
associated4449678101094581116167208229273302348400
with4876678101096990120171
this5074678101093181102138
paper5239678101095397149196226
are5492678101094575120
available3940692101094588133155176221274296343
on43216921010950102
reasonable4461692101093076121158209261306358381428
request4926692101093077130181228264296
from5259692101092859109187
the5484692101093082128
corresponding3940706101094087115144187221271320368418437485535
author.4490706101094391121171221251266
Results39407310014768131181250281324375
Twenty-one40807481010945106152202232278306359410456
patients4562748101095196126147193244274311
were48997481010966111142187
submitted5112748101093686137214235266298343395
to5533748101093079
angiography3940762101094394144166215267297341392443484
to4447762101093079
confirm4549762101094089140166190219295
BA48677621010949104
injury499476210109217192142171217
preoperatively.5234762101095181127177229275305349394077610109305195139161204219
Of4182776101096291
the4295776101093080126
total,4444776101093079109153174193
males46607761010975119140186222
were49057761010966111141186
predominant5114776101095181126178228304325375419469498
Tab.214061601124992147170
1.232861601125071
Distribution244462101075675105131156175220266291309355401
of286162101074568
the294662101072672110
participants307262101074591117145163201219264310356381412
according350062101074683119162188231250296341
to385762101072670
their394362101072672110129154
basal411362101074691122166185
characteristics431462101073783128154197234262298324342371398416453485
(N481562101072478
=4909621010753
104)497962101074178121143
Characteristic21717590984793135164205242272314343364398428449485
No.397575909854100119
%501475909867
Gender21718820955090133178217241
Male39578820956299116156
9047558820953980
86.75293882095397994133
Female391710020953775141178195235
14475810020953974
13.352961002095397387127
Age217111220954790130
group231811220954468110153197
(years)25331122095215695131155186205
<3963112209548
30402811220953978
31475811220953974
29.852941122095397890131
31–40393812420953974111153194
52475712420953977
50.152961242095397892126
>3962136209548
40402713620953980
21475813620953975
20.152961362095397892126
Occupation217114820955491125168213250274291334378
Military39161482095628097113139176199238
87475714820953976
83.752941482095397891130
Civilian392016020954663100117134151187230
17475916020953972
16.352951602095397489129
Side21711722095375498137
of232617220954264
brachial240717220954569106143186202239256
artery26801722095376088126150189
injury28861722095176077119143182
Right387617220954058102145169
side40631722095294690129
45475717220953976
43532117220953976
Left38991842095367496124
side40411842095304690130
59475718420953976
57532118420953977
Mechanisms2171196209562102139182219262278308373403
of259219620954264
injuries26731962095176077119143161200230
Penetrating217120820954078121161186210247272289332376
injuries25652082095165976119142160199229
Bullet382020820954083100117157182
injuries40192082095176077119143161200230
76475820820953975
73.152962082095397892126
Single37512202095375496141158197
large39662202095175377120160
shells414322020953073112130147176
14475822020953974
13.552962202095397387127
Multiple3770232209562105122147165209227266
missiles405423220956582111141158175214245
64776232209539
5.853132322095395293
Blunt217124800954058100144168
injuries23562480095176077119143161200230
84776248009539
7.753172480095394684
Tab.2140266801124992147170
2.2328266801125076
Distribution2449267301075675105131156175220266291309355401
of2866267301074568
the2951267301072672110
enrolled3077267301073885110154172191229274
patients3368267301074591116135172219244275
according3659267301074683119162188231250296341
to4016267301072670
the4102267301072672110
surgical4229267301073175100144162199243262
interventions450726730107196590126152193230276301319364411440
Surgical217128110984287117163185221263284
interventions24722811098206795137166210251298326347393439473
No.4674281109854100119
%5289281109867
End-to-end217129340953780124149175216243284327371
anastomosis256029340953679116146172214280324354370400
85469529340953978
81.752612934095397585124
Fasciotomy217130540953770100137154197221263329364
15469730540953973
14.452593054095397488127
Repair217131740954080124162179202
of239131740954364
muscle2473317409565108138174191231
or272131740954367
tendon280531740952563107151194238
12469731740953973
11.552623174095397080120
Vein21713294095417895138
graft232632940954467105126154
interposition24983294095176084122146191235265282307324367411
10469732940953975
9.652773294095395191
Ligation21713414095365397134158175218262
94714341409539
8.752763414095395493
Amputation2171353409547113157200226263287304348391
64714353409539
5.852763534095395293
Arteriovenous21713654095477199137161178221257296339383426456
fistula2644365409521396895138155191
34714365409539
2.952773654095395391
Embolectomy2171377409537103147191209248285313355421455
34714377409539
2.952773774095395391
Shunt217138940953780123166190
use237838940954372112
24714389409539
1.952793894095394987
Prosthetic217240140954063106136162205245270287323
graft251340140954367104126154
04715401409539
05303401409539