Interv Akut Kardiol. 2002;1(1):41-48

Cardiac tamponade

Martin Riedel
Německé srdeční centrum, Mnichov, Německo

An increase in intraperikardial pressure due to the accumulation of fluid or air in the pericardial space leads to cardiac tamponade, which is characterized by an increase in intracardiac pressures, progressive limitation of the diastolic ventricular filling, and decrease in stroke volume and cardiac output. Clinical hallmarks are high venous pressure, tachycardia and hypotension with pulsus paradoxus. It is an urgent life-threatening condition with high mortality, necessitating accurate diagnosis and prompt intervention. Echocardiography allows rapid confirmation of the presence of an effusion and enables assessment of its hemodynamic impact. Percutaneous or surgical drainage is the therapy of choice.

Keywords: cardiac tamponade, pericardial effusion, pulsus paradoxus, Doppler echocardiography, pericardiocentesis, pericardiotomy.

Published: December 31, 2002  Show citation

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Riedel M. Cardiac tamponade. Interv Akut Kardiol. 2002;1(1):41-48.
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